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2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)!時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)還是有很多考點(diǎn),大家在診斷之前還是要好好復(fù)習(xí)的,不僅僅要學(xué)習(xí)課堂上老師講的,還要買點(diǎn)課外書自己學(xué)習(xí),下面看看小編為大家準(zhǔn)備較新的2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的進(jìn)步有所幫助。
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2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)(一)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
(1)可表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太陽(yáng)從東方升起,從西方落下。
(2)可用在由if,unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,由even/if/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,由when,before,until/till,as soon as,the moment引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,由no matter what/who/when/where/how或whatever,whoever等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,這時(shí)主句往往表將來(lái)或主句是祈使句。
I’ll go with you as soon as I finish it.
我一做完,就與你一同去。
Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.
無(wú)論你說(shuō)什么,我都不會(huì)改變主意。
一般過(guò)去時(shí)
表示“剛才,在過(guò)去”之意,暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”。
—Your phone number again?I didn’t quite catch it.
——再重述一下你的電話號(hào)碼好嗎?我沒(méi)記下來(lái)。
—It’s 9568686.
——是9568686。
一般將來(lái)時(shí)
(1)“will+動(dòng)詞原形”表示事物的固有屬性與必然趨勢(shì)。
Fish will die without water.離開水,魚就會(huì)死。
(2)“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”可表示根據(jù)跡象對(duì)未來(lái)進(jìn)行推斷。
Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.
看那烏云,要下雨了。
(3)“be about to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示立即的將來(lái),很少與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
The train is about to start.火車就要開了。
(4)位移動(dòng)詞如come,go,arrive等,其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表按時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的事,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表計(jì)劃、安排要做的事。
I arrive in Beijing at 3∶00 p.m.tomorrow.
明天下午三點(diǎn)我會(huì)到達(dá)北京。
He is coming.他將要來(lái)。
They are leaving for Tibet.他們將要去西藏。
(5)be to +動(dòng)詞原形
、俦硎居(jì)劃,安排。
When are you to leave for New York?
你計(jì)劃什么時(shí)候去紐約?
、诒硎局噶,相當(dāng)于should。
You are to report it to the police.
你應(yīng)該把這事報(bào)告給警察。
、郾硎“打算,想要”。
If we are to be there before ten,we’ll have to go now.
若我們想在十點(diǎn)前到,我們現(xiàn)在就得走。
現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
(1)表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)時(shí)發(fā)展中的或正在進(jìn)行的情況。
I first met Lisa three years ago,she was working at a sho p then.
我先進(jìn)次遇見(jiàn)莉莎是在3年前,那時(shí)她正在一家商店工作。
—Hey,look where you are going!
——嘿,看看你往哪兒走!
—Oh,I’m terribly sorry.I wasn’t noticing.
——噢!非常抱歉!我沒(méi)注意。
(2)表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作,往往含有贊賞、厭惡、遺憾等情感,常與always,continually,constantly連用。
He is always thinking of others first.(表贊賞)
他總是先為別人著想。
He is always making the same mistake. (表厭煩)
他總是犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。
(3)表示動(dòng)作的未完性、暫時(shí)性。
I don’t really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作,我只是在幫忙, 新秘書來(lái)了我就走。 (暫時(shí)性)
Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.選手機(jī)供個(gè)人使用不是一件容易事因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)變化太快。 (“變化”尚未完成)
(4)表示按計(jì)劃、安排要做的事。
I’ve won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.
我獲得了一次去佛羅里達(dá)度兩天假的機(jī)會(huì)。我計(jì)劃帶著我媽媽去。 (計(jì)劃)
(5)表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)時(shí)發(fā)展中的或正在進(jìn)行的情況。
—Is this raincoat yours?——這是你的雨衣嗎?
—No,mine is hanging there behind the door.
——不是,我的在門后掛著呢。
2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)(二)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
(1)在條件、時(shí)間、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示將來(lái)某時(shí)以前已完成的動(dòng)作。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.
除非我親眼看到,我是不會(huì)相信你的。
Please don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
車未停,請(qǐng)不要下車。
(2)It/This is/will be the first(last,second,third...)time that...和It/This is the best(worst,most interesting)+n.+that...結(jié)構(gòu)的從句要求用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
This is the first time that I’ve heard her sing.
這是我先進(jìn)次聽她唱歌。
It’s the best film I’ve ever seen.
這是我所看過(guò)的較好的一部電影。
過(guò)去完成時(shí)
(1)Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had...done...when;No sooner had...done...than...中從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.
我剛到家,天就下起了傾盆大雨。
No sooner had we started than th e car got a flat tyre.
我們剛出發(fā),輪胎就爆了。
(2)表示愿望、打算類的詞,如hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think等,用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。
I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.
我本打算幫助你,但當(dāng)時(shí)我太忙了。
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
(1)表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始發(fā)生,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。
I’ve been waiting for an hour but she still hasn’t come.
我已等了一個(gè)小時(shí),但她還沒(méi)有來(lái)。
(2)表示動(dòng)作剛剛結(jié)束 (有時(shí)指出結(jié)果)。
My clothes are wet.I’ve been walking in the rain.
我的衣服濕了,我一直走在雨中。
(3)表示重復(fù) (指斷斷續(xù)續(xù),而非一直不停)。
She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks.
兩個(gè)星期以來(lái)她每天晚上都給吉姆打電話。
2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)(三)
1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 主要用來(lái)表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn);表示經(jīng);蛄(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ); 表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
She has a brother who lives in New York.
The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考點(diǎn)一:表示永恒的真理,即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中,仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如:I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考點(diǎn)二:在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,代替一般將來(lái)時(shí);常用的引導(dǎo)詞有:時(shí)間:when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 條件:if, unless, provided.
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考點(diǎn)三:在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter +賓語(yǔ)從句, 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作, 我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)。
考點(diǎn)四:在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí), 從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
表說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng):或表感情色彩,加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。與頻率副詞,如always,constantly,continually,again等連用表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情色彩(贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等)。
We are having English class.
The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
考點(diǎn)一:在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作!ook out when you are crossing the street.
Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考點(diǎn)二: 表示在較近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這時(shí)多有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))。
Marry is leaving on Friday.
3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,完成在過(guò)去,但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系,其結(jié)果或影響仍存在,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):
考點(diǎn)一:for + 時(shí)間段;since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995.
I have learned English for ten years.
考點(diǎn)二:常見(jiàn)的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has it stopped raining yet ?
考點(diǎn)三:在表示“較近幾世紀(jì)/ 年/ 月以來(lái)……”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days;over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等
考點(diǎn)四:表示“第幾次做某事,”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞 +that” 后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
This is my first time that I have visited China.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
That is the only book that he has written.
4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)
表在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作,或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作,不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常跟明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用,如:yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意:
考點(diǎn)一:used to + do,表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。to為不定式,后接動(dòng)詞原形。
be/become/get used to + doing,表示習(xí)慣于
He used to smoke a lot.
He has got used to getting up early.
考點(diǎn)二:在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise
5. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.
He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.
What were you doing at nine last night?
The radio was being repaired when you called me.
6. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,即過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till )
There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.
By the end of last term we had finished the book.
They finished earlier than we had expected.
考點(diǎn)一:用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中,主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. (注意主謂倒裝)
考點(diǎn)二:表示“第幾次做某事”,主句用過(guò)去時(shí),從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.
It was 3 years since we had parted。
考點(diǎn)三:動(dòng)詞hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用過(guò)去完成時(shí),表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。
I had hoped that I could do the job.
I had intended to see you but I was too busy.
7. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)
表在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,其表現(xiàn)形式多達(dá)5種。Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.
考點(diǎn)一:一般將來(lái)時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中:We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.
(主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句中一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。)
考點(diǎn)二:某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞如arrive, come, go, leave, start等,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來(lái)。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
考點(diǎn)三:“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”,這種結(jié)構(gòu)中and后面的句子謂語(yǔ)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Use your head and you will find a way.
考點(diǎn)四:“am (is, are) going to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要發(fā)生的事。
“am (is, are) about to +動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照預(yù)定計(jì)劃或打算準(zhǔn)備著手進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
“am (is, are) to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示必須、必然或計(jì)劃將要做的事。They are to be married in this May.
8、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)
表將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。
I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天這會(huì)我正在寫功課。
The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.
9、將來(lái)完成時(shí)
表在將來(lái)某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)非常明顯。
考點(diǎn)一:常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用by+將來(lái)的時(shí)間。如:by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句。
By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.
By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.
By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考點(diǎn)二:在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,將來(lái)完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。
The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.
10. 動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)
一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)受者, 做題時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不再有名詞或賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)考,而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考,只是需要注意以下考點(diǎn)。
考點(diǎn)一:不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組
come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed
It took place before liberation.
考點(diǎn)二:下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義, 而且常與well, quite, easily, badly等副詞連用。
lock ( 鎖 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 賣 ); read ( 讀 ); wear ( 穿 ); blame (責(zé)備);ride (乘坐); write ( 寫 );
Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。
The car rides smoothly. 這車走起來(lái)很穩(wěn)。
The case locks easily. 這箱子很好鎖。
The book sells well. 這本書很暢銷。
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